Gas stove or heater



(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 1'.

A; W. MORTON.

v 'GAS STOVE OR HEATER. I No. 248,875. Patented Nov. 1,1881.

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A. W. MORTON.

GAS STOVE 0R HEATER.

No. 248,875. Patented Nov. 1,1881.

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GAS STOVE 0E HEATER. No. 248,875. Patented'Nov. 1,1881.

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ALBANUS W. MORTON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

GAS STOVE-OR HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,875, dated November 1, 1881,

Application filed February 4, 1881. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALBANUS W. MoR'roN, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain Improve ments in Gas Stoves or Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more particularly to gas-stoves for heating purposes; and its object is to provide a stove in which the heated air shall be kept separate from the hot pro-, ducts ofcombustion, and in which,t'urth ermo're, the burned or intensely-heated. air shall be mingled with a'volume of air of a lower temperature previous to issuin g from the apparat us,

. thereby producing more or less of annoyance and inconvenience.

The invention comprises certain novel combinations of parts, whereby the advantages just hereinbefore specified are effectively secured, and whereby also the most effective combustion, for heat-giving purposes, of the gasis secured.

I Figure l is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a gas stove or heating apparatus embracing my said invention, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken in the line 00 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view, on a larger scale, of certain portions of the apparatus; and Figs. at and 5 are detail views of certain parts included in the apparatus. Fig. 6 shows a modification of one of the devices included in the construction of the apparatus, and Fig. 7 is an inverted plan of the burners of the apparatuson the same scale as represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of these burners. "pA'are theburners, which extend downward from a supporting-plate, a, which may be of circular or any other suitable form, and preferably with a circumferentially downwardlyextending flange, b, which, by directing the outermost portions of theflamesin a downward direction, serve to elongate the same and secure their most effective heating action below and around. Theburners A have substantially the form of truncated cones, as represented in .outlet 0. inay,in the operation of constructing the burner, be bored in the latter without inteiference from the flange I). hen the burners A are made detachable, as represented in Figs. 1 and 3, they are held in position by a flat ring, 0, which bears upon the innermost upper edge of each of the burners, th ereby holding the same down in its seat in the plate a. The burners A are placed in a series around a central flue, B, which latter also extends through a flange-plate, e, the fiangeot' which rests upon the top of the plate a, so that a chamber, O, is provided above the burners A, and in direct communication with the interiorsot' the said burners.

Placed within the flue B are transverse webs, D, of wire-netting, having in practice a mesh of, say, about three-sixteenths of an inch dimensions.

By means of a suitable tube, f, which may be of sheet metal, the flue B is extended downphragm F. Extending upward from the dia phragm F aremetallic studs or bars m, the purpose .of which is to receive and transmit vheat from the diaphragm F, and to communicate said heat to air passed. in contact therewith, as hereinafter explained.

An outlet-passage, H, is arranged above the tube g, in order that the aeriform matter passed through the flue B and its tubes or extensions fg may be conducted into the top of the apparatus,froui which they make their exit through suitable openings, as indicated by the arrows at n in Fig. 1.

Placed within the upper part of the shell, get some distance therefrom, is a circumferential partition, I, so arranged that an annular chamber, J, is formed in the upper part of the apparatus. This annularchamberJcommunicates direct with the space between the diaphragm F and plate G, the space last mentioned communicating, as hereinbet'ore described, with the space below the said plate G by means of the passage or passages h. The gaseous products of combustion from the flames of the burners A pass therefrom upward from the passage 71, through the space G, upward through the annular chamber J, and from the latter to a suitable flue, J, outward, preferably, to a suitable chimney. Simultaneous with the aforesaid passage of the gaseous products of combustion from the burners, and with the transmission or radiation of heat from the shell E, which latter is heated more or less by the said products of combustion, a draft of atmospheric air is introduced in an upward direc tion through the flue B and its extensions or tubesfg. Thisair, passingthroughthe meshes of the wire-netting D, is heated thereby, as also by contact with the interior of the flue itself, the latter being heated by impact of theinnermost portion of the flames of the burners A against the outer surface of said flue. The air thus heated flows upward through the passage H, and thence outward, as shown by the arrows at n, as hereinbefore explained. Simultaneous with this there flows inward through one or more passages, L, provided in the sides of the apparatus, as represented in Fig. 1, a volume of the relatively cooler atmospheric air, which, passing in contact with the studs or radiators m, receives a greater or less degree of heat therefrom, and then mingles with a volume of the relatively intense heated air flowing upward through the flue B and tubes fg into the passage H, the relatively cool air thus mingling with and tempering the volume of intensely-hot air, so that the volume of heated air finally issuing into the room or space to be heated is devoid of the noxious effect of a small volume of air at an extremely high temperature, and provides for the heating of the compartments or spaces by means of a relatively large volume of air at a suitable, but not excessive, temperature.

Referring, now, more particularly to Figs. 3 and 5, it should be remarked that the gas passes to the gas-chamber G, and thence to the burners from an inlet-chamber, M, the inlet-chamber M communicating with the chamber G by a suitable passage, 1*. The gas is supplied to the chamber M from a nozzle, 0, which in its turn connects with a suitable inlet-pipe, which may be provided with the usual cock, n. To provide for the mingling of atmospheric air with the gas previous to combustion, upon the principle of the well-known Bunsen flame, the gas-chamber M communicates with the outer atmosphere by openings f, and in order to provide for shutting off the atmospheric air, for the purpose herein presently explained, there is provided to said airinlet f a valve or cut-ofl', P, which consists of a plate placed upon and capable of turning round the boss 9, into which is screwed the nozzle 8, as represente in Fig. 3. In this plate are formed openings i, which, when the plate P is turned to a certain position, are coincident with the openings f, and thus admit air into the gas-chamber M, thereby providing for the combustion of the flame as in a Bunsen burner and as hereiubefore indicated but when the said cut-ofl' P is turned to another position the openings 1' are brought away from the openings f, so that the plate or cut-0E effectually shuts off or closes the openings f, thereby prey'euting the admission of air to the gas-chamber, and thereby causing the gasburners to give the ordinary yellow or lightgiviug flame.

The cut-otf P may be most conveniently operated by a suitable handle, j.

The result of this construction in the operation of the apparatus is as follows: When gas is first turned on to supply the burners A,tbe atmospheric air previously contained within the latter and also in the chamber 0 must be displaced before the normal operation of the burners can proceed. During this displacement a portion of the gas miugles with the air in such proportions as to constitute an explosive mixture, and hence when the flame is kindled a slight pull or explosion is likely to occur, and this carries the flame back to the nozzle 8. In order to extinguish this the cutoff P is turned to shut; off the access of atmospheric air from the gas-chamber M, whereupon the flame at the nozzle 8 is extinguished for lack of oxygen, while that of the burners continues, because of the supply of oxygen from the surrounding atmosphere within the shell E, the flame itself being, however, in this case the ordinary yellow or light-giving flame; but by reversing the movement of the cut-off to again admit atmospheric air to the gas-chem ber M the burners are caused to afford the Bunsen or non-luminous flame required in securing the most effective operation of the apparatus for heating purposes.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination, in a gas stove or heater, of the flue B, the gas-chamber G, the burners A, placed to heat the said flue, and a gas-supply tube or pipe, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. The combination of wire-netting D with the flue B, gas-chamber O, and gas-supply tube or pipe, and a series of burners, A, placed to heat the said flue, and thereby cause the upward draft of a volume of air through the flue and in contact with the heated netting, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. The combination of the flue B, provided with the wire-netting D, the gas-chamber C, the gas'supply pipe or tube M, the series of burners A, placed to heat the flue B, and its contained Wire-netting, and the studs or radi' ators m, placed to communicate heat to a seeondary volume of air during its passage to unite with the primary volume of air heated by its passage through the flue B, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

4. The combination of the burner or burners A, a surrounding external shell, E, and a gasinlet, M, constructed with a nozzle, .9, and a ALBANUS W. MORTON.

Witnesses:

CHAS. H. DOXAT, ROBERT W. MATTHEWS. 

